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If the project site includes a greenfield area, the project must protect 40% of that greenfield area from all development and construction activity.

Athletic fields solely for athletic use are exempt from the protected greenfield or restored habitat areas. Athletic fields support human health and well-being by providing physical activity and social interaction.

Soil restoration Recognizing the importance of healthy soil conditions and integrating restoration into a project is vital for maintaining overall ecological balance. Soil restoration focuses on areas that will undergo revegetation and require restoration of the characteristics necessary to support the selected vegetation. Designated areas for rainwater infiltration may be excluded from vegetation or soil restoration requirements.

Additionally, it is important to carefully select and use materials that do not come from or contain soils defined regionally as prime farmland, unique farmland, or farmland of statewide or local importance by the Natural Resources Conservation Service web soil survey (or local/regional equivalent). [52] Prime farmland soil must not be used because of its excellent fertility and suitability for food production. Using prime farmland soil for restoration can also lead to disruption of soil structure and loss of soil health as this soil has well-developed soil layers. Moving and relocating these soils can interrupt the natural structure and reduce its ability to support ecosystem functions.

Imported soils cannot be sourced from greenfield sites, and they must not contain sphagnum peat moss or organic amendments that contain sphagnum peat. Greenfield sites often have rich biodiversity. Removing soil from a greenfield site can disturb the local ecological system and lead to loss of plant and animal species. Using soil containing sphagnum peat moss is problematic for building construction. Peat soils are characterized by high water table, absence of oxygen, reducing condition, low bulk density and bearing capacity, soft spongy substratum, low fertility, and high acidity. Such soils are not strong enough to support heavy loads and can affect the stability and integrity of the foundations.

Vegetation restoration Maintaining vegetation biodiversity enhances the ecological value of the site. Planting native and climate-adapted vegetation is crucial for sustaining the health and functionality of ecosystems. When planting species on-site, invasive species must be avoided to prevent threatening native biodiversity.

52 Nrcs, (n.d.), Web Soil Survey – home , websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/.

U.S. Green Building Council LEED v5 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, April 2025 Launch Edition 113