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Last, teams must determine whether the total provided capacity is less than the baseline capacity calculated from the base ratios above. Calculate the percent parking reduction. Teams should design projects that minimize parking demand. Integrate TDM strategies to reduce the project’s parking demand, especially if achieving a significant parking reduction is the primary goal.

Equation 4. Percentage of parking capacity reduction

[𝑻] [𝑻][ 𝒃] [𝒃] [𝒃] [𝒃] [ 𝒄] [𝒄] [𝒄] [𝒄] −𝑻 𝑻 𝑻 𝒑 𝒑 𝒑 𝒑 𝒄 𝒄 𝒄𝒊 𝒊) 𝑷 𝑷 𝑷 𝑷𝑷 𝒓 𝒓 𝒓 𝒓 𝒓𝒓= [(𝑻] × 𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝑻 𝑻 𝑻 𝒃 𝒃 𝒃 𝒃 𝒄 𝒄 𝒄 𝒄

PATH 2. UNBUNDLED PARKING

In tenant-occupied projects, parking spaces are frequently bundled with leases, meaning tenants pay for parking regardless of vehicle ownership. Unbundling parking spaces separates parking costs from lease or purchase costs, allowing tenants who do not own a vehicle to save money. This strategy helps reduce the parking demand for the project and can lower housing costs, as tenants who do not require parking are not paying for it. More importantly, unbundling brings visibility to the true cost of parking, which includes not only construction costs but also land use, maintenance, environmental, social, and economic impacts.

For both tenant- and owner-occupied projects, an effective strategy is to charge market-rate fees for parking spaces, aligning the cost with local rates and discouraging unnecessary car use. In owner-occupied projects, this involves requiring all employees to pay for parking, creating a consistent policy across occupants that encourages carpooling, active transportation, and public transit use. By charging for parking at market rates, project teams reinforce the understanding of parking’s true cost and promote more sustainable transportation choices.

To comply with this option, the project must unbundle all parking spaces within the project boundary from the tenant lease or sales. The project must make this commitment for its entire duration. This will allow tenants the option of renting or buying as many spaces as needed, with an additional cost. It also allows projects that do not want parking spaces the option to save money by not having the cost built into the rent.

Option 2. Active Travel Facilities

Active travel facilities promote sustainable, healthy, and efficient alternatives to car-based transportation by providing comprehensive facilities that support cycling, e-bicycles, scooters, and other eco-friendly travel modes. Essential components include secure storage for bikes, well-designed on-road facilities such as dedicated lanes and paths, access to showers and

U.S. Green Building Council LEED v5 Reference Guide for Interior Design and Construction, April 2025 Launch Edition 57