ASHRAE-90.1-2022- - Page 358

Extracted Content

Table I4-1 Energy Conversion Factors (see Note 1)

Building Project Energy Source	Units	Carbon Emissions CO 2e lb/unit	Site Energy, Btu/unit (see Note 2)	Source Energy, Btu/unit
Electricity	kWh	1.20	3412	9008
Natural gas	Therm (GJ)	19.96	100,000	109,000
Propane	Therm (GJ)	19.080	100,000	115,000
Distillate fuel oil	Gallon (L)	28.330	137,600	163,744

Notes:

1. These conversions are based on national averages for the United States and may not be representative for other locations. Jurisdictions that choose to use localized conversion factors for source energy or carbon emissions should update the corresponding BPF table for consistency using methodology in Section I5. Jurisdictions may add conversion factors for other energy sources.
2. Site energy only accounts for energy as measured at the building site. It does not account for the energy consumed in the extraction, processing, and transport of primary energy, nor energy consumed in conversion to electricity in power-generation plants.

Table I5-1 National Average Energy Conversion Factors Used to Calculate BPF

Metric	Site Energy	Carbon Emissions CO 2e	Source Energy	Energy Cost
Units	site kBtu/site kBtu	lb/site kBtu	source kBtu/site kBtu	$/site kBtu
Electric conversion factors	1.0	0.353	2.64	0.03221
Natural gas conversion factors	1.0	0.200	1.090	0.00802

Table I5-2	Coefficient A Values	Col3	Col4	Col5	Col6	Col7	Col8	Col9	Col10	Col11	Col12	Col13	Col14	Col15	Col16	Col17	Col18	Col19	Col20
Building Area Type	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone	Climate Zone
Building Area Type	0A	0B	1A	1B	2A	2B	3A	3B	3C	4A	4B	4C	5A	5B	5C	6A	6B	7	8
Multifamily	0.3006	0.3261	0.4321	0.4064	0.5158	0.5445	0.7128	0.6952	1.1709	1.1302	0.8644	1.2685	1.5138	1.1288	1.3067	1.7228	1.5398	1.8543	2.1737
Health care/ hospital	0.1250	0.1412	0.1507	0.1544	0.1979	0.1602	0.2319	0.2098	0.2688	0.3262	0.2596	0.3865	0.4926	0.3624	0.5972	0.6143	0.6194	0.8438	1.0747
Hotel/motel	0.2711	0.2833	0.3267	0.3373	0.3922	0.4544	0.5143	0.6042	0.6922	0.8420	0.7668	0.9723	1.0639	0.9353	1.0888	1.2454	1.1995	1.4783	1.9709
Office	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0425	0.0105	0.2479	0.0868	0.2155	0.4409	0.2496	0.2634	0.6874	0.5018	0.6405	0.9613
Restaurant	0.2210	0.2418	0.3366	0.3120	0.3984	0.4813	0.5416	0.8752	1.0794	1.8987	1.3855	2.0956	2.9552	2.1791	2.6220	3.7419	3.1353	4.8743	7.2168
Retail	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0509	0.0056	0.4874	0.1141	0.3074	0.8526	0.3748	0.3778	1.1246	0.6886	1.1802	1.5119
School	0.0346	0.0368	0.0447	0.0461	0.0581	0.0703	0.0791	0.2052	0.2586	0.3806	0.3220	0.7076	0.6664	0.6527	0.7928	0.9529	0.7842	1.1857	2.0419
Warehouse	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.1323	0.0158	2.6058	0.8393	1.2916	4.6583	2.2657	1.2302	6.2218	3.8034	5.9278	6.3860
All others	0.1552	0.1668	0.2257	0.2050	0.1784	0.1568	0.2015	0.3111	0.4107	0.7223	0.3880	0.7372	1.0594	0.7105	0.7100	1.2640	0.9793	1.2947	1.8802

Table I5-3 Coefficient B Values

Building Area Type	Climate Zone	Col3	Col4	Col5	Col6	Col7	Col8	Col9	Col10	Col11	Col12	Col13	Col14	Col15	Col16	Col17	Col18	Col19	Col20
Building Area Type	0A	0B	1A	1B	2A	2B	3A	3B	3C	4A	4B	4C	5A	5B	5C	6A	6B	7	8
Multifamily	1.472	1.504	1.440	1.472	1.434	1.433	1.455	1.318	1.701	1.314	1.263	1.305	1.283	1.259	1.288	1.248	1.278	1.251	1.153
Health care/hospital	1.423	1.437	1.400	1.449	1.475	1.506	1.510	1.492	1.546	1.520	1.505	1.548	1.483	1.519	1.572	1.483	1.513	1.488	1.447
Hotel/motel	1.547	1.545	1.480	1.580	1.574	1.623	1.626	1.582	1.627	1.637	1.610	1.665	1.627	1.628	1.677	1.640	1.660	1.688	1.719
Office	1.855	1.869	1.900	1.915	1.913	1.923	1.982	1.845	2.058	2.071	1.883	2.080	2.040	1.936	2.089	2.100	2.033	2.098	2.031
Restaurant	1.622	1.724	1.788	1.807	1.813	1.978	1.837	2.036	2.172	2.086	2.118	2.219	2.122	2.164	2.232	2.113	2.160	2.156	2.192
Retail	1.961	2.057	2.078	2.090	2.286	2.353	2.345	2.372	2.296	2.511	2.360	2.233	2.573	2.486	2.187	2.649	2.516	2.715	2.525
School	1.921	1.748	1.747	1.778	1.941	1.901	1.914	2.074	2.093	2.102	2.192	2.275	2.089	2.256	2.328	2.073	2.241	2.102	2.146
Warehouse	3.885	3.804	4.454	3.994	4.692	4.591	3.967	4.884	5.296	5.724	5.241	5.472	6.045	5.572	5.419	5.962	5.558	5.935	5.477
All others	1.621	1.667	1.632	1.712	1.852	1.973	1.902	1.950	1.863	1.899	1.985	1.870	1.970	1.966	1.866	1.906	1.902	1.881	1.933

356 ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2022 (I-P)