ASHRAE-90.1-2022- - Page 393

Extracted Content

Table L5-1 Energy Conversion Factors for HVAC Energy Input [ a]

Building Project Energy Source	Units	Energy Cost, $/unit	Energy Cost, $/1000 site Btu
Electricity	kWh	$0.1099	$32.21
Natural gas	therm	$0.983	$9.83
Propane	therm	$0.983	$9.83
Distillate fuel oil	gal	$1.353	$9.83

a. Energy input conversion factors are based on U.S. averages. Nonelectric heating prices are based on blended heating prices adjusted for the U.S. average mix of heating fuels.

These prices are applied to fuel output per unit.

Informative Table L5-2 Energy Conversion Factors for HVAC Energy Input [ a]

Building Project Energy Source	Units	Carbon Emissions (CO e), lb/ 2 unit	Site Energy, Btu/unit	Source Energy, Btu/unit
Electricity	kWh	1.418	3412	9008
Natural gas	therm	19.960	100,000	109,000
Propane	therm	19.080	100,000	115,000
Distillate fuel oil	gal	28.830	137,600	163,744

a. Energy input conversion factors are based on ASHRAE Standard 189.1-2020. They represent average U.S. values and may be replaced with local values.

Informative Table L5-3 Mechanical Performance Factors (MPF), Carbon Emission Basis

Building Type	Climate Zone	Col3	Col4	Col5	Col6	Col7	Col8	Col9	Col10	Col11	Col12	Col13	Col14	Col15	Col16	Col17	Col18	Col19	Col20
Building Type	0A	0B	1A	1B	2A	2B	3A	3B	3C	4A	4B	4C	5A	5B	5C	6A	6B	7	8
Office (small and medium) a	0.72	0.72	0.70	0.71	0.69	0.65	0.71	0.67	0.63	0.73	0.66	0.69	0.76	0.70	0.71	0.79	0.75	0.80	0.82
Office (large) a	0.83	0.83	0.84	0.84	0.79	0.82	0.72	0.83	0.78	0.68	0.79	0.66	0.72	0.74	0.66	0.73	0.72	0.71	0.70
Retail	0.60	0.57	0.50	0.55	0.46	0.46	0.43	0.47	0.38	0.42	0.48	0.54	0.42	0.55	0.54	0.46	0.41	0.42	0.37
Hotel/motel	0.62	0.62	0.63	0.63	0.62	0.68	0.61	0.71	0.73	0.55	0.64	0.61	0.49	0.55	0.63	0.45	0.48	0.41	0.34
Apartment/dormitory	0.64	0.63	0.67	0.63	0.65	0.64	0.59	0.69	0.55	0.57	0.55	0.49	0.57	0.51	0.44	0.56	0.52	0.53	0.50
School/education	0.82	0.81	0.80	0.79	0.75	0.72	0.71	0.72	0.68	0.68	0.71	0.65	0.75	0.70	0.61	0.79	0.73	0.75	0.71

a. Office sizes defined in Section L1.1.1.1.

Informative Table L5-4 Mechanical Performance Factors (MPF), Site Energy Basis

Building Type	Climate Zone	Col3	Col4	Col5	Col6	Col7	Col8	Col9	Col10	Col11	Col12	Col13	Col14	Col15	Col16	Col17	Col18	Col19	Col20
Building Type	0A	0B	1A	1B	2A	2B	3A	3B	3C	4A	4B	4C	5A	5B	5C	6A	6B	7	8
Office (small and medium a	0.72	0.72	0.70	0.71	0.69	0.65	0.71	0.68	0.65	0.81	0.70	0.78	0.85	0.77	0.81	0.87	0.84	0.88	0.90
Office (large)a	0.83	0.83	0.84	0.84	0.79	0.82	0.72	0.81	0.77	0.67	0.76	0.63	0.71	0.72	0.63	0.73	0.71	0.71	0.71
Retail	0.60	0.57	0.50	0.55	0.46	0.46	0.43	0.51	0.40	0.45	0.57	0.68	0.46	0.68	0.67	0.50	0.45	0.44	0.38
Hotel/motel	0.62	0.62	0.63	0.63	0.62	0.68	0.61	0.71	0.73	0.45	0.59	0.52	0.38	0.47	0.51	0.35	0.38	0.31	0.26
Apartment/dormitory	0.64	0.63	0.67	0.63	0.65	0.64	0.59	0.72	0.55	0.53	0.50	0.44	0.54	0.47	0.38	0.55	0.50	0.51	0.47
School/education	0.82	0.81	0.80	0.79	0.75	0.72	0.71	0.72	0.67	0.73	0.72	0.68	0.82	0.73	0.61	0.89	0.80	0.83	0.77

a. Office sizes defined in Section L1.1.1.1.

ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2022 (I-P) 391